Salt Damage in Ceramic Brick Masonry by João M. P. Q. Delgado & Fernando A. N. Silva & António C. Azevedo & Ariosvaldo Ribeiro

Author:João M. P. Q. Delgado & Fernando A. N. Silva & António C. Azevedo & Ariosvaldo Ribeiro
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030471149
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

18

K+ in saturation extract (cmolc/kg)

2.30

4.30

19

SO4 in saturation extract (cmolc/kg)

9.22

14.47

20

Ca2+ + Mg2+ exchangeable in saturation extract (cmolc/kg)

52.00

20.00

21

Sodium saturation (%)

46.66

9.04

The exchangeable soluble calcium cations (Ca2+) and exchangeable magnesium (Mg2+) appear with values ranging from 0.05 to 23.86 cmolc/kg, which is not considered elevated in relation to the other elements analyzed, a fact which later justified comparing the respective results with Motta and Ferreira (2011), where it shows that the values these elements do not increase when flooded with raw sewage, an element found in all points adopted for this study, nor with manure, a predominant element in PM-1.

The exchangeable potassium cation (K+) appears at its highest level in PM-1 (27.6 cmolc/kg), the readings of which are lower in the other locations, a fact that is justified by the influence of leachate on PM-1, nonexistent in the other points adopted for the research, taking into consideration the data of Motta and Ferreira (2011), which shows an increase in potassium in natural soil after being flooded with slurry. In light of Table 4.3 presented by Motta and Ferreira (2011), it can also be stated that the raw sewage present at the surveyed sites does not influence the increase of potassium in the soil. However, Feitosa (2009) shows that soil mixed with 15% sewage sludge increase the potassium content considerably.Table 4.3(a) Chemical characterization of soil before and after flooding (Motta and Ferreira 2011). (b) Chemical characterization of soil before and after flooding (Motta and Ferreira 2011)

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